With the development of the waste metal recycling industry, the harmless and refined recycling of waste bicycles has become an important part of solid waste treatment. Waste bicycles have a complex structure, containing various materials such as iron frames, aluminum parts, copper fittings, and plastics and rubber, making direct melting and recycling impossible. The mainstream industry solution relies on the coordinated operation of metal shredders, metal crushers, magnetic separators, and eddy current separators. Through graded crushing and precise sorting, various metals and impurities are thoroughly separated, maximizing the recovery and recycling of resources. The entire waste bicycle shredding and sorting line is highly automated, with excellent sorting accuracy, and is suitable for large-scale waste bicycle processing scenarios.
The first process of the entire production line is pretreatment and coarse shredding. Workers manually remove large non-metallic impurities such as tires, seats, plastic shells, and residual debris from the waste bicycles to prevent soft materials from entangled in the equipment and affecting crushing efficiency. Then, the complete frame, handlebars, wheels, and other metal components are smoothly transported to the scrap bicycle shredder via a chain conveyor. The equipment employs a dual-shaft shearing structure, using interlocking, shearing, and tearing cutter rollers to disassemble the entire frame into uniformly sized coarse blocks, solving the problem of directly crushing large metal materials. The uniform particle size of the coarsely shredded material lays the foundation for subsequent fine crushing, while also avoiding malfunctions caused by large pieces of material impacting the equipment.
The coarsely shredded material is then fed into a metal crusher for fine pulverization. Unlike the shearing disassembly of a shredder, the scrap bicycle crusher relies on the impact, collision, and grinding action of high-speed rotating hammers to deeply pulverize the coarse blocks, crushing them into uniform metal particles of approximately 5mm. During the crushing process, the equipment's built-in screen plate strictly controls the output particle size and thoroughly removes impurities such as paint, rust, and adhered plastic fragments from the surface of the metal particles, significantly improving the purity of the metal material and forming pure metal particles containing a mixture of iron, aluminum, and copper.
The finely crushed mixture then enters the sorting stage, where a magnetic separator first separates the iron metal. Magnetic separators utilize the principle of strong magnetic field adsorption to precisely capture ferromagnetic metal particles such as iron and carbon steel in materials, separating ferrous materials like bicycle frames and screws for accurate iron metal recycling. The sorting rate can reach over 99%. The remaining material, mainly non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and copper, along with a small amount of residual impurities, is conveyed to the next process.
Finally, eddy current separators complete the non-ferrous metal sorting. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, under the action of an alternating magnetic field, the equipment generates a repulsive force on non-magnetic non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and copper, completely separating them from inert impurities such as plastics and dust. This precisely filters out high-quality non-ferrous metal materials such as aluminum wheel hubs and copper wires. Through the integrated processing of the entire system, discarded bicycles achieve classified recycling of iron, aluminum, and copper, with impurities completely removed. The recycled metal meets purity standards and can be directly sent to a smelter for remelting, truly realizing the recycling of scrap metal.
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